1. 安装环境准备
1.1 主机环境准备
1.1.1. 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 01.1.2. 软件下载
下载版本：memcached-1.6.6.tar.gz
下载地址：
http://memcached.org/downloads
1.1.3. 部署规划
软件安装路径：/usr/local/memcache
端口规划：11222
1.1.4. 系统主机时间、时区、系统语言
l 本节视实际情况需要操作
l 修改时区
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtimel 修改系统语言环境
echo 'LANG="en_US.UTF-8"' >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profilel 配置主机NTP时间同步
yum -y install ntp
systemctl enable ntpd && systemctl start ntpd
echo 'server ntp1.aliyun.com' >> /etc/ntp.conf
echo 'server ntp2.aliyun.com' >> /etc/ntp.conf2. Memcached安装部署
2.1 Memcached依赖安装及部署
l 添加用户与用户组（用户名请自行定义）
groupadd -r middleware && useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -M -g middleware middlewarel 下载memcached-1.6.6.tar.gz安装包，并解压安装
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ automake autoconf libevent-devel libevent make wget
cd /opt
wget http://memcached.org/files/memcached-1.6.6.tar.gz
tar -zxvf memcached-1.6.6.tar.gz
cd memcached-1.6.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached
make && make installl Memcached启动命令
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -l 127.0.0.1 -m 256 -u middleware -p 11222 -c 1024 -P /var/run/memcached.pidl Memcached启动选项简介
-d是启动一个守护进程；
-m是分配给Memcached使用的内存数量，单位是MB；
-u是运行Memcached的用户；
-l是监听的服务器IP地址，可以有多个地址；
-p是设置Memcached监听的端口，，最好是1024以上的端口；
-c是最大运行的并发连接数，默认是1024；
-P是设置保存Memcached的pid文件。
2.2 配置memcached系统服务
2.2.1. 针对6系统添加系统服务
1、添加防火墙策略
（1）所有机器可访问
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 11222 -j ACCEPT
service iptables save（2）特定IP192.168.142.166可访问本机11222端口
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 192.168.142.166 --dport 11222 -j ACCEPT
service iptables save2、添加memcached系统服务启动脚本
vi /etc/init.d/memcached
#!/bin/bash
#
# memcached start/stop the memcached daemon
#
# chkconfig: 345 81 19
# description: memcached is a memory cache server.
#
prog="memcached"
exec=/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached
CMD="$exec -u middleware -d -m 256 -p 11222 -c 1024 -P /tmp/memcached.pid"
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/memcached
PID=`ps -ef|grep -v grep |grep memcached |awk '{print $2}'`
# source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
start() {
if [ $UID -ne 0 ]; then
echo "User has insufficient privilege."
exit 4
fi
[ -x $exec ] || exit 5
echo -n $"starting $prog: "
daemon $CMD
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
}
stop() {
if [ $UID -ne 0 ]; then
echo "User has insufficient privilege."
exit 4
fi
kill -9 $PID
retval=$?
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
if [ $retval -ne 0 ]; then
failure $"stopping $prog"
else
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
fi
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
rh_status() {
# run checks to determine if the service is running or use generic status
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
"start")
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
"stop")
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
"restart")
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
"status")
rh_status
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart}"
exit 2
;;
esac
exit $?2、配置memcached系统服务及自启动
chmod +x /etc/init.d/memcached
chkconfig --add memcached && chkconfig memcached on
chkconfig --list memcached3、启动与停止memcached服务
service memcached start
ps -ef|grep memcached
service memcached stop2.2.2. 针对7系统添加系统服务
1、添加防火墙策略
（1）所有机器可访问
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=11222/tcp
firewall-cmd --reload（2）特定IP192.168.142.166可访问本机11222端口
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule="rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.142.166" port protocol="tcp" port="11222" accept"
firewall-cmd --reload（3）特定IP段192.168.142.0/24可访问本机11222端口
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule="rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.142.0/24" port protocol="tcp" port="11222" accept"
firewall-cmd --reload2、添加memcached系统服务启动脚本
cat >/usr/lib/systemd/system/memcached.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=memcached
Requires=network-online.target
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -u middleware -l 127.0.0.1 -m 256 -p 11222 -c 1024 -P /tmp/memcached.pid
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF2、配置memcached系统服务及自启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable memcached.service3、启动与停止memcached服务
systemctl start memcached
ps -ef|grep memcached
systemctl stop memcached3. Memcached加固
3.1 最小化权限用户启动
groupadd -r middleware && useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -M -g middleware middleware
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -l 127.0.0.1 -m 256 -u middleware -p 11222 -c 1024 -P /var/run/memcached.pid3.2 禁止监听在公网
l Memcached启动时指定绑定的IP地址为 127.0.0.1。
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -l 127.0.0.1 -m 256 -u middleware -p 11222 -c 1024 -P /var/run/memcached.pid3.3 修改默认11211端口
l 默认情况下，memcached默认使用11211端口，请修改默认监听端口，如本文档使用的是11222
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -l 127.0.0.1 -m 256 -u middleware -p 11222 -c 1024 -P /var/run/memcached.pid3.4 定期升级
l 使用官方最新稳定版本
4. Memcached优化
4.1 优化内核参数
cat >>/etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 10000 65000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 10000
net.core.somaxconn=4000
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 262144
EOF
sysctl -p4.2 系统资源限制
cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF
* soft nofile 65525
* hard nofile 65525
* soft nproc 65525
* hard nproc 65525
EOF